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Western clawed frog
The western clawed frog (''Xenopus tropicalis'') is a species of frog in the Pipidae family, also known as tropical clawed frog. It is the only species in the ''Xenopus'' genus to have a diploid genome.〔Harland, R. M. and Grainger, R. M. 2011. ''Trends in Genetics'' vol. 27, p. 507–15〕〔Enrique Amaya, Martin F. Offield, and Robert M. Grainger. "Frog genetics: ''Xenopus tropicalis'' jumps into the future". ''Trends in Genetics''. Volume 14, Issue 7, 1 July 1998, pages 253–255.〕 Its genome has been sequenced,〔(JGI ''X. tropicalis'' v4.1 )〕 making it a significant model organism for genetics that complements the related species ''Xenopus laevis'' (the African clawed frog),〔Bowes ''et al.'' (2008). (Xenbase: a Xenopus biology and genomics resource. ) ''Nucleic Acids Res'' 36:D761.〕 a widely used vertebrate model for developmental biology. ''X. tropicalis'' also has a number of advantages over ''X. laevis'' in research, such as a much shorter generation time (<5 months), smaller size ( body length), and a larger number of eggs per spawn.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Bringing Genetics To ''Xenopus'': Half The Genome, Twice As Fast )〕
It is found in Benin, Burkina Faso, Cameroon, Ivory Coast, Equatorial Guinea, Gambia, Ghana, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Liberia, Nigeria, Senegal, Sierra Leone, Togo, and possibly Mali. Its natural habitats are subtropical or tropical moist lowland forests, moist savanna, rivers, intermittent rivers, swamps, freshwater lakes, intermittent freshwater lakes, freshwater marshes, intermittent freshwater marshes, rural gardens, heavily degraded former forests, water storage areas, ponds, aquaculture ponds, and canals and ditches.
==Description==
The western clawed frog is a medium-sized species with a somewhat flattened body and a snout-vent length of , females being larger than males. The eyes are bulging and situated high on the head and there is a short tentacle just below each eye. A row of unpigmented dermal tubercles runs along the flank from just behind the eye, and are thought to represent a lateral line organ. The limbs are short and plump, and the fully webbed feet have horny claws. The skin is finely granular. The dorsal surface varies from pale to dark brown and has small grey and black spots. The ventral surface is dull white or yellowish with some dark mottling.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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